The Most Common ADHD Symptom
ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is often misunderstood. While many recognize the condition as one that involves hyperactivity and inattentiveness, there's an essential symptom that frequently goes overlooked: unexplained underachievement.1 Whether in children or adults, this can be one of the clearest indications of ADHD. Dr. Ned Hallowell, an expert in ADHD, shares insightful information on recognizing this symptom and understanding the broader aspects of the disorder.
Unexplained Underachievement: A Key Indicator
One of the most telling signs of ADHD is unexplained underachievement, evident when an individual's performance falls short of their potential. For instance, a sixth grader who's not doing as well emotionally, behaviorally, or academically—despite having a high IQ, favorable social background, or exceptional talents—might be showing signs of ADHD. This isn't limited to children; adults can also experience a similar disparity between their abilities and their achievements. When their performance doesn't align with their talents or expectations, it might be due to unnoticed ADHD.
Dr. Hallowell emphasizes that this underachievement is "unexplained," meaning it's not due to obvious causes like a hearing or vision problem, nutritional deficiencies, or other mental health conditions. When underachievement cannot be attributed to these factors, ADHD could be the underlying issue.
Transforming Under-achievement into Super-achievement
One of the most uplifting aspects of diagnosing and treating ADHD is the potential for dramatic improvement. Often, when ADHD is identified and addressed, the individual’s under-achievement can transform into super-achievement. This significant turnaround underscores the importance of recognizing and understanding the symptoms of ADHD.
Other Symptoms to Watch For
Alongside unexplained under-achievement, ADHD is characterized by challenges with executive function. These challenges affect an individual's ability to plan, organize, and manage time effectively. A tendency to procrastinate is another common symptom.
Yet, ADHD also comes with positive traits that often go unnoticed. Individuals with ADHD may possess remarkable creativity, originality, energy, and charisma.2 These qualities can make them remarkable assets in various settings, allowing them to truly shine and make significant contributions.
The Dual Nature of ADHD: Challenges and Strengths
Understanding ADHD involves recognizing both its challenges and strengths. While unexplained under-achievement and difficulties with executive function can present substantial hurdles, the positive characteristics associated with ADHD should not be overlooked. Creativity, originality, and energy can turn individuals with ADHD into dynamic and innovative thinkers.
Recognizing and Addressing ADHD
Unexplained underachievement is a hallmark indicator of ADHD, but it's just one piece of a complex puzzle.3 By recognizing both the challenges and strengths inherent in ADHD, we can better support those who live with it, helping them to not only achieve their potential but to excel beyond it. Whether in a classroom or the workplace, understanding and addressing ADHD can unlock remarkable potential, turning underachievement into super-achievement and highlighting the capabilities that often accompany this condition.
Embracing the positive aspects of ADHD and providing the necessary support and resources can lead to extraordinary outcomes.
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Sources:
- Fairbank, R. (2023, March 1). An ADHD diagnosis in adulthood comes with challenges and benefits. Monitor on Psychology, 54(2). https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/03/adult-adhd-diagnosis
- Sedgwick, J. A., Merwood, A., & Asherson, P. (2018). The positive aspects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A qualitative investigation of successful adults with ADHD. ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, 11(3), 241–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0277-6
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024, May 15). Symptoms of ADHD. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/adhd/signs-symptoms/index.html
